FSI researchers examine the role of energy sources from regulatory, economic and societal angles. The Program on Energy and Sustainable Development (PESD) investigates how the production and consumption of energy affect human welfare and environmental quality. Professors assess natural gas and coal markets, as well as the smart energy grid and how to create effective climate policy in an imperfect world. This includes how state-owned enterprises – like oil companies – affect energy markets around the world. Regulatory barriers are examined for understanding obstacles to lowering carbon in energy services. Realistic cap and trade policies in California are studied, as is the creation of a giant coal market in China.
With major crises in Gaza and Ukraine, the Biden administration might be tempted to overlook the importance of Indonesian President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo’s mid-November visit to Washington. That would be a mistake. Indonesia is an important country that is heading into crucial presidential elections in early 2024, and the results of Jokowi’s visit could go a long way to shaping the next Indonesian government’s attitudes toward its relations with the United States.
Although U.S.-Indonesian security cooperation is good and trade has grown, by all accounts Jokowi and his team are heading to Washington feeling less than satisfied on several fronts. First, Indonesians remain upset by President Joe Biden’s decision to skip the recent Indonesia-hosted East Asia Summit, which they took as a serious snub. Biden invited Jokowi in part to make up for that absence, but the White House might have underestimated the extent to which Indonesians remain upset over the initial affront. The protocol-conscious government no doubt will also contrast their modest White House schedule with the lavish welcome recently received by Australian Prime Minster Anthony Albanese.
Indonesian authorities also remain unhappy with what they see as Washington’s failure to deliver on the high-profile Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP), under which the U.S. committed to lead G-7-plus efforts to mobilize $20 billion to support Indonesia’s accelerated transition from coal to cleaner energy. Indonesian officials have complained publicly for months that the U.S. has pressed them to take difficult steps while offering little in the way of concessional financing to pay for it. The reality is more complicated, but the perception in Jakarta that Washington “sold them a bill of goods” is real. Some Indonesian officials have contrasted that with substantial Chinese funding on priority infrastructure initiatives, highlighting the regional perception of U.S. weakness vis-à-vis China as a reliable economic partner. (The Indonesians have largely ignored the fact that the U.S. is their second-largest export market and has risen rapidly to be their fourth-largest source of foreign direct investment.)
Jokowi also is looking for Biden to move forward on a proposed limited free trade agreement under which Indonesian critical minerals (namely nickel and processed nickel) would meet the criteria for inclusion in the electric vehicle tax credits provided for in the Inflation Reduction Act. The Biden administration reportedly is interested in such a deal, which by promoting diversification of both suppliers for the U.S. and markets for Indonesia would be in the U.S. national interest. It has, however, hesitated to proceed due to concerns about the congressional reaction, environmental and labor issues, and heavy Chinese investment in Indonesian nickel mining.
Indonesia, home to the world’s largest Muslim population, has long supported the Palestinian cause and has vigorously pursued diplomatic efforts to achieve an immediate ceasefire… Indonesian public opinion has put the two governments at odds over the crisis.
Scot Marciel
Finally, one has to assume that the Gaza crisis will be at the top of Jokowi’s agenda (if not Biden’s) when the two presidents meet. Indonesia, home to the world’s largest Muslim population, has long supported the Palestinian cause and has vigorously pursued diplomatic efforts to achieve an immediate ceasefire. While working hard to keep the issue from blowing up domestically, there is no question but that Indonesian public opinion (and genuinely held beliefs among top officials) has put the two governments at odds over the crisis.
At this late date, there is little prospect of major initiatives coming out of the Biden-Jokowi meeting that would ease Indonesian concerns or generate significant positive momentum. There is, however, still time to make some small investments that could result in Jokowi and his team leaving Washington feeling more positive about the relationship.
First, on Gaza, the meeting will not resolve the two countries’ differences, but it is important that Biden listen to and engage with Jokowi seriously on the issue and that he highlights his efforts to encourage Israel to show restraint and to promote a humanitarian pause. Jokowi’s post-meeting public comments about this discussion likely will have a significant influence on the Indonesian public and media perceptions of the U.S. role, so it is critical that Biden do all he can to ensure those comments are positive.
Second, it is important that Biden understand that Jokowi and many Indonesians are still upset over the president’s decision to skip the recent Jakarta summit. Biden cannot undo that, but he can and should acknowledge it in his discussion with Jokowi and emphasize that he appreciates how important Indonesia is.
Even such moves will only go so far without some movement on JETP and the critical minerals trade question. On the former, there isn’t time to achieve major progress before the meeting, but President Biden should instruct his team to redouble their efforts to mobilize funding and get the initiative moving. This goes beyond Indonesian concerns and gets to the heart of regional wariness about Washington being able to put meat on the bones of its various economic initiatives.
On critical minerals, Biden should agree to send trade officials to Jakarta to discuss the outlines of a possible agreement, though he will have to be careful not to overcommit absent confidence he will be able to deliver. Indonesia, for its part, needs to stop rotating ambassadors through Washington so quickly and install an envoy who can effectively make the case for a limited trade deal to Congress and others.
Some serious, last-minute work needs to be done to ensure that next week’s meeting between the leaders of the world’s second and third-largest democracies does more than highlight the differences and problems in the relationship.
Energy is essential for economic development, but energy use is a major contributor to global warming. Most can agree that transition from fossil fuels to sustainable (green) energy is imperative for long-term sustainability, but how to make that transition while maintaining and increasing growth and prosperity is not self-evident. This panel will examine energy challenges in general, how they play out and are perceived in the APEC region, and how APEC has attempted to find cooperative solutions.
Panelists:
Larry Goulder, Professor in Environmental and Resource Economics, Director of the Stanford Center for Environmental and Energy Policy Analysis, Senior Fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, Senior Fellow at Stanford’s Precourt Institute for the Environment, Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research; and a University Fellow of Resources of the Future
Lawrence H. Goulder is the Shuzo Nishihara Professor in Environmental and Resource Economics at Stanford University and Director of the Stanford Center for Environmental and Energy Policy Analysis. He is also a Senior Fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, a Senior Fellow at Stanford's Precourt Institute for the Environment, a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research; and a University Fellow of Resources for the Future. Goulder's research covers a range of environmental issues, including green tax reform, the design of environmental tax systems and emissions trading policies, climate change policy, and comprehensive wealth measurement ("green" accounting). He has served on several advisory committees to the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Science Advisory Board and the California Air Resources Board, and as co-editor of the Journal of Environmental Economics and Management and the Review of Environmental Economics and Policy.
Larry Greenwood, Chairman of the Board of the Japan Society of Northern California, Senior Adviser at BowerGroupAsia, US Ambassador to the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation group from 2000-2003
Larry Greenwood is Senior Adviser at BowerGroupAsia, a strategic advisory firm that specializes in the Asia-Pacific. He is also Chair of the Japan Society of Northern California after serving as its President from 2016-2020. From 2011-2015, Larry was Senior Managing Director for Government Relations in Asia for MetLife based in Tokyo responsible for shaping insurance policies and regulations in Asia and from 2006-2011 was Vice President at the Asian Development Bank in Manila, Philippines where he oversaw ADB’s annual loan and grant operations of about $7 billion in East and Southeast Asia and the Pacific Island countries.
Larry was a career diplomat from 1976-2006 where he worked on economic issues in the State Department in Washington, DC and at US Embassies in Manila, Dakar, Singapore and twice in Tokyo. He served as US Ambassador to the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation group and retired as Deputy Assistant Secretary in the Economic Bureau of the State Department where he was responsible for international financial and development matters. He holds a BA from Eckerd College in St. Petersburg, Florida and an MALD from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy in Medford Massachusetts. He speaks and reads Japanese and French.
Gita Wirjawan, Former Minister of Trade and former Chairman of the Investment Coordinating Board of the Republic of Indonesia, Founder of Ancora Group and Ancora Foundation, Visiting Scholar at Shorenstein APARC
Gita Wirjawan is a visiting scholar at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia Pacific Research Center, Freeman Spogli Institute, Stanford University. He is the host of a Southeast Asia educational podcast called Endgame, a member of the Board of Governors of the Asia School of Business (MIT Sloan), a member of the international council of the Yale School of Management, and chairman of the Advisory Board of the School of Government and Public Policy (SGPP) Indonesia. While as chairman of Ancora Group, a business group based in Indonesia, he is also a partner at Ikhlas Capital, a Singapore-based Southeast Asia private equity fund. He is also an adviser to a number of Southeast Asia-based venture capital firms, including Alpha JWC Ventures, Monk's Hill Ventures, Jungle Ventures, and Intudo Ventures. He is also a member of the International Advisory Board of Chubb. Previously, he was trade minister and chairman of the Investment Coordinating Board of the Republic of Indonesia during the years 2009–2014, a banker at JP Morgan, Goldman Sachs, and Citibank, and a public accountant. He received his MPA at Harvard University Kennedy School of Government, MBA at Baylor University, and BBA at the University of Texas, Austin.
Moderator:
Thomas Fingar, Fellow at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center at Stanford University, former U.S. Department of State Assistant Secretary of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Analysis, Director of the Office of Analysis for East Asia and the Pacific, and Chief of the China Division, former Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Analysis, and Chairman of the National Intelligence Council
Thomas Fingar is a Shorenstein APARC Fellow in the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University. From 2005 through 2008, he served as the first Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Analysis and, concurrently, as Chairman of the National Intelligence Council. Previous positions include Assistant Secretary of the State Department’s Bureau of Intelligence and Research (2000-2001 and 2004-2005), Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary (2001-2003), and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Analysis (1994-2000). Dr. Fingar is a graduate of Cornell University (A.B. in Government and History, 1968), and Stanford University (M.A., 1969 and Ph.D., 1977 both in Political Science). Recent books include Reducing Uncertainty: Intelligence Analysis and National Security (Stanford University Press, 2011), Fateful Decisions: Choices that will Shape China’s Future (edited with Jean Oi, Stanford, 2020); and From Mandate to Blueprint: Lessons from Intelligence Reform (Stanford University Press, 2021).
APARC and the Ban Ki-moon Foundation launched the dialogue initiative to spur new research and policy collaborations between experts from the United States and Asia to expedite the implementation of the SDGs by governments and non-state actors. This year’s event builds upon the success of the inaugural Tran-Pacific Sustainability Dialogue, held in Seoul in October 2022, and the continued momentum generated through its resultant regional convening, the Trans-Altai Sustainability Dialogue, which took place earlier this summer in Mongolia.
At the core of the 2023 TPSD is the pivotal theme of energy security, SDG7, which proposes to ensure access to affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy for all. The challenge of energy production, transportation, and security poses a critical barrier to a shared sustainable future. Despite ongoing progress toward sustainable energy targets on a global scale, recent data indicates that the pace of advancements is insufficient to meet the SDG7 targets by 2030 and varies significantly across different regions. The latest report from the SDG7 Indicator Custodian Agencies also finds that the policy measures required to tackle the global energy crisis, exacerbated by the war in Ukraine, continue to lag and that international public financial support for clean energy in low and middle-income countries has been declining since before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
By extending a platform for leading experts to combine rigorous scientific research, policy analysis, and industry insights, I am confident in our ability to advance tangible solutions and real-world action to propel us forward in pursuit of a decarbonized world.
Gi-Wook Shin
Director, Shorenstein APARC
“Energy security is pivotal to the SDGs. Without securing clean energy, the climate crisis remains insurmountable. However, the clean energy future is under serious threat from the war in Ukraine sparked by Russia,” says Mr. Ban Ki-moon, the 8th Secretary-General of the United Nations. “In this regard, I expect the second annual Trans-Pacific Sustainability Dialogue to play an important role in convening world-renowned researchers, policymakers, and students to address energy security and advance clean energy technologies,” he adds.
In pursuit of genuine progress, the second annual TPSD will convene esteemed academics, government officials, industry experts, and leading professionals from Stanford University and across Asia. Together, they will interact in dynamic discussions that bridge multiple disciplines and climate science, exploring technological and policy solutions to expedite the transition toward a future free from fossil fuels and other unsustainable energy practices.
“As we approach the 2023 TPSD, we find ourselves at a crucial juncture, crossing the mid-point of the implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with mixed results,” notes Gi-Wook Shin, the William J. Perry Professor of Contemporary Korea at Stanford and director of APARC. “By extending a platform for leading experts to combine rigorous scientific research, policy analysis, and industry insights, I am confident in our ability to advance tangible solutions and real-world action to propel us forward in pursuit of a decarbonized world.”
The first day of the dialogue, co-hosted by the Korea Environment Institute and the Korea Energy and Economics Institute, will convene at The Plaza Seoul. A World Leaders Session will kick off the event, headlined by Mr. Ban Ki-moon; Chairman of the State Great Hural (Parliament) of Mongolia Zandanshatar Gombojav; former U.S. Secretary of Energy and Nobel Prize Laureate in Physics, Stanford Professor Steven Chu; and Managing Director General of the Asian Development Bank Woochong Um. The following plenary sessions will examine the intersections of energy security, sustainability, and issues such as geopolitics, green technologies, and clean energy co-benefits.
The second day will be held at Ewha Womans University and hosted by Ewha’s Center for Climate/Environmental Change Prediction Research. The day’s discussion topics will include, among others, energy-efficient technologies and principles for energy security education. With the mission of empowering young leaders to drive the climate change and sustainable development agenda, the second day will offer opportunities for emerging scholars and young professionals to present their research and applied work in championing progress toward energy security.
The 2023 TPSD underscores APARC’s and the Ban Ki-moon Foundation's shared commitment to fostering ambitious action toward delivering the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals. APARC and our partners, co-hosts, and supporters warmly invite scholars, students, policy experts, and professionals to join us at the TPSD and get involved with our efforts to shape a sustainable and resilient future for the Asia-Pacific region and beyond.
Visit the 2023 TPSD page to register to attend the event in person and access the complete program agenda and list of speakers.
About the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center The Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center (Shorenstein APARC) is Stanford University's esteemed institute dedicated to addressing critical issues impacting Asia and its relations with the United States. Through interdisciplinary research, education, and dialogue, APARC seeks to shape innovative policy solutions and enhance collaboration among countries in the Asia-Pacific region. For more information, visit aparc.stanford.edu.
About the Ban Ki-moon Foundation For a Better Future The Ban Ki-moon Foundation For a Better Future upholds the legacy and vision of Ban Ki-moon, the 8th Secretary-General of the United Nations. Guided by the principles of unification, communication, co-existence, and dedication, the Foundation works tirelessly towards achieving peace, security, development, and human rights. Collaborating with international organizations and stakeholders, the Foundation actively supports the UN's Sustainable Development Goals and the 2050 carbon net-zero target set by the Paris Climate Accord. For more information, visit eng.bf4bf.or.kr.
Contact
For further information on the Trans-Pacific Sustainability Dialogue, contact Cheryll Alipio, Shorenstein APARC’s Associate Director for Program and Policy at calipio@stanford.edu.
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Inaugural Trans-Pacific Sustainability Dialogue Spotlights Climate Finance Mobilization and Green Innovation Strategies
Co-organized by Stanford’s Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center and the Ban Ki-moon Foundation for a Better Future, the inaugural Trans-Pacific Sustainability Dialogue brought together a new network of social science researchers, scientists, policymakers, and practitioners from Stanford University and across the Asia-Pacific region to accelerate action on the United Nations-adopted Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
The second annual convening of the Trans-Pacific Sustainability Dialogue will gather social science researchers and scientists from Stanford University and across the Asia-Pacific region alongside young leaders, policymakers, and practitioners, to expedite energy security solutions, investment, and policy support. Held in Seoul, Republic of Korea, on September 12-14, 2023, the dialogue features award-winning actor and director Cha In-pyo as honorary ambassador.
The Trans-Pacific Sustainability Dialogue convenes social science researchers and scientists from Stanford University and across the Asia-Pacific region, alongside student leaders, policymakers, and practitioners, to accelerate progress on achieving the United Nations-adopted 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Dialogue aims to generate new research and policy partnerships to expedite the implementation of the Agenda's underlying framework of 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
The Dialogue on Energy Security will be held in Seoul, South Korea, on September 12 to 14, 2023 Korea Standard Time, and is free and open to the public.
Hosted by the Ban Ki-moon Foundation For a Better Future
Master of Ceremonies: Hannah Jun, Assistant Professor at the Graduate School of International Studies, Ewha Womans University
Welcoming Dinner
18:00–18:10 Welcoming of Guests
18:10–18:20 Welcome Remarks Ban Ki-moon, The 8th Secretary-General of the United Nations and Chairman of the Ban Ki-moon Foundation For a Better Future
18:20–18:35 Congratulatory Remarks Park Jin,Minister of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea Han Wha-jin, Minister of Environment, Republic of Korea Cha In-pyo, Actor, Director, and Honorary Ambassador of the Trans-Pacific Sustainability Dialogue
18:35-18:40 Toast Gombojav Zandanshatar, Chairman, State Great Hural of Mongolia Kim Hwang Sik, Former Prime Minister, Republic of Korea
18:40–19:30 Dinner
19:30-19:35 Toast Eun Mee Kim, President of Ewha Womans University, Professor at the Graduate School of International Studies, and Director of the Ewha Global Health Institute for Girls and Women, Ewha Womans University Steven Chu, William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Physics, of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and of Energy Science and Engineering at Stanford University; former U.S. Secretary of Energy; and 1997 Nobel Prize Laureate in Physics
Grand Ballroom, The Plaza Seoul 119 Sogong-Ro, Jung-gu, Seoul
Co-hosted by the Korea Environment Institute (KEI), the Korea Energy and Economics Institute (KEEI), and the Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI)
Master of Ceremonies: Hannah Jun, Assistant Professor at the Graduate School of International Studies, Ewha Womans University
8:30-9:00 Registration
Opening Session
9:00–9:10 Welcome Remarks Ban Ki-moon, The 8th Secretary-General of the United Nations and Chairman of the Ban Ki-moon Foundation For a Better Future Gi-Wook Shin, Director of the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center and Korea Program, Professor of Sociology, William J. Perry Professor of Contemporary Korea, and Senior Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University
9:10–9:30 Congratulatory Remarks Kim Jin-pyo, Speaker of the National Assembly, Republic of Korea Cha In-pyo, Actor, Director, and Honorary Ambassador of the Trans-Pacific Sustainability Dialogue Teruo Fujii, President of the University of Tokyo
Plenary 1: World Leaders Session
9:30–9:35 Moderator Gi-Wook Shin, Director of the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center and Korea Program, Professor of Sociology, William J. Perry Professor of Contemporary Korea, and Senior Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University
9:35–10:15 Keynote Speakers Ban Ki-moon, The 8th Secretary-General of the United Nations and Chairman of the Ban Ki-moon Foundation For a Better Future Zandanshatar Gombojav, Chairman of the State Great Hural of Mongolia Steven Chu, William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Physics, of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and of Energy Science and Engineering at Stanford University; former U.S. Secretary of Energy; and 1997 Nobel Prize Laureate in Physics Woochong Um, Managing Director General of the Asian Development Bank
10:15–10:45 Q&A
10:45–11:00 Coffee and Tea Break
Plenary 2: Global Picture for Energy Security Organized by the Ban Ki-moon Foundation For a Better and Korea Environment Institute
11:00–11:05 Moderator Chang Hoon Lee, President of the Korea Environment Institute
11:05–11:15 Keynote Speaker Hyun Jae Kim, President, Korea Energy Economics Institute, Republic of Korea
11:10–11:45 Panelists Sung Jin Kang, Director, Global Energy Technology Policy Professionals Program, Korea University Jong Soon Im, Executive Vice President, Korea Gas Corporation (KOGAS) Oyun Sanjaasuren, Director of External Affairs, Green Climate Fund
11:45–12:15 Q&A
12:30–14:00 Luncheon Hosted by the Korea Energy and Economics Institute (KEEI)
Plenary 3: Geopolitics and Energy Sustainability Organized by the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center of Stanford University
14:00–14:05 Moderator Joon-woo Park, Former Ambassador of the Republic of Korea to the European Union, Belgium, and Singapore, former Senior Secretary to the President for Political Affairs at the Blue House, former Chairman of The Sejong Institute, former Visiting Professor at the Institute for State Governance at Yonsei University, and former Koret Fellow at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center at Stanford University
14:05–14:45 Panelists Thomas Fingar, Fellow at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center at Stanford University, former U.S. Department of State Assistant Secretary of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Analysis, Director of the Office of Analysis for East Asia and the Pacific, and Chief of the China Division, former Deputy Director of National Intelligence for Analysis, and Chairman of the National Intelligence Council Undraa Agvaanluvsan, President of the Mitchell Foundation for Arts and Sciences, President of the Green Building Council of Mongolia, Co-Chair of the Mongolia Chapter of the Women Corporate Directors, Affiliate at the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford University, and former Member of Parliament of Mongolia Gita Wirjawan, Research Scholar at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center at Stanford University, former Minister of Trade and former Chairman of the Investment Coordinating Board of the Republic of Indonesia, and Founder of Ancora Group and Ancora Foundation Scot Marciel, Oksenberg-Rohlen Fellow at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center at Stanford University and former U.S. Ambassador to Myanmar, Indonesia, and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
14:45–15:15 Q&A
15:15–15:30 Coffee and Tea Break
Plenary 4: Energy Security Through Clean Energy Solutions in Asia and the Pacific Organized by the Asian Development Bank (ADB)
15:30–15:35 Moderator Kee-Yung Nam, Principal Energy Economist, Energy Sector Group, Sectors Group of the Asian Development Bank
15:35–16:25 Panelists Hongpeng Liu, Director, Energy Division, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) Joel Abraham, Chief Executive Officer, Fijian Competition and Consumer Commission Priyantha D.C. Wijayatunga, Senior Director, Energy Sector Group, Sectors Group of the Asian Development Bank
16:25–16:45 Q&A
16:45–17:00 Coffee and Tea Break
Plenary 5: Clean Energy and Co-Benefits Organized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea
17:00–17:05 Moderator Hyoeun Jenny Kim, Ambassador and Deputy Minister for Climate Change, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea
17:05–17:45 Panelists Nabeel Munir, Ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to the Republic of Korea Tamara Mawhinney, Ambassador of Canada to the Republic of Korea Hamza Ali Malik, Director of Macroeconomic Policy and Financing, Development Division, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) Tae Yong Jung, Professor of Sustainable Development at the Graduate School of International Studies, Yonsei University
17:45–18:15 Q&A
Reception and Dinner This is an invitation-only dinner.
Maple Hall The Plaza Seoul 119 Sogong-Ro, Jung-gu, Seoul
Hosted by the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center of Stanford University
18:30–19:00 Reception
19:00–19:05 Welcome Remarks Gi-Wook Shin, Director of the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center and Korea Program, Professor of Sociology, William J. Perry Professor of Contemporary Korea, and Senior Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University
19:05-19:15 Congratulatory Remarks Kim Hyong-O, Former Speaker of the National Assembly, Republic of Korea, and former Visiting Scholar at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center, Stanford University Jae Youl Kim, Vice President of Stanford Club Korea, President of Global Strategy Group at Samsung Global Research, and President of the International Skating Union
19:15–19:30 Keynote Speaker Steven Chu, William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Physics, of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and of Energy Science and Engineering at Stanford University; former U.S. Secretary of Energy; and 1997 Nobel Prize Laureate in Physics
19:00–20:30 Dinner
Lee Sam Bong-Hall, Ewha Campus Complex, Level B4 Ewha Womans University 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul
Hosted by Center for Climate/Environmental Change Prediction Research at Ewha Womans University
Master of Ceremonies: Hannah Jun, Assistant Professor at the Graduate School of International Studies, Ewha Womans University
8:30-9:00 Registration
Opening Session
9:00–9:30 Welcome Remarks Ban Ki-moon, The 8th Secretary-General of the United Nations and Chairman of the Ban Ki-moon Foundation For a Better Future Eun Mee Kim, President of Ewha Womans University, Professor at the Graduate School of International Studies, and Director of the Ewha Global Health Institute for Girls and Women, Ewha Womans University
Plenary 6: Pursuit of Energy Security With Energy Efficient Technologies and Solutions Organized by Samsung Electronics America
9:30–9:35 Moderator Celeste Crystal, Sustainability Lead for Device Solutions America Memory, Samsung Electronics America
9:35–10:35 Panelists Ken Haig, Head of Energy and Environmental Policy, APAC, Amazon Web Services Ji-Hee Son, Director of the Center for Institutional Innovation, National Institute of Green Technology Marijn Vervoorn,Director of ESG Sustainability Strategy, ASML
10:35–10:45 Q&A
10:45–11:00 Coffee and Tea Break
Plenary 7: The Political Economy of Renewable Energy and Energy Security Organized by the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center of Stanford University
11:00–11:05 Moderator Kiyoteru Tsutsui, Deputy Director of the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center and Director of the Japan Program, Faculty Co-Director of the Center for Human Rights and International Justice, Professor of Sociology, and Senior Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University
11:05–11:45 Panelists Jin Hur, Associate Professor of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering at Ewha Womans University; Member of the Renewable Energy Policy Council at the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy; Committee Member at the Korea Power Exchange; and Senior Member of IEEE Power and Energy Society Naoko Ishii, Executive Vice President, Professor at the Institute for Future Initiatives, and Director of the Center for Global Commons at the University of Tokyo; former CEO and Chairperson of the Global Environment Facility; former Deputy Vice Minister of Finance of Japan; and former Country Director of Sri Lanka at the World Bank Hardy T.S. Kagimoto, Chairman of the Board of PowerX, Inc. and Founder, Chairman, and CEO of Healios Yao Lixia, Senior Research Fellow and Head of Energy Security Division at the Energy Studies Institute of the National University of Singapore
11:45–12:15 Q&A
12:30–14:00 Luncheon Hosted by Ewha Womans University
Plenary 8: Environment and Energy Security: Dialogue With the Future Generation Organized by the Graduate School of International Studies at Yonsei University
14:00–14:05 Moderator Tae Yong Jung, Professor of Sustainable Development at the Graduate School of International Studies, Yonsei University
14:05–14:45 Panelists Haksik Yoo, Research Fellow, Korea Energy Economics Institute, Republic of Korea Sang Cheol Kim, Stanford Energy Postdoctoral Fellow at the Precourt Institute for Energy and Stanford Emerging Technology Review (SETR) Fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University Kenji Kimura, Senior Researcher, Institute of Energy Economics, Japan Prem Kumar Pokhrel, PhD Candidate, Global Energy Technology Policy Professionals Program, Korea University
14:45–15:15 Q&A
15:15–15:30 Coffee and Tea Break
Plenary 9: Education and Energy Security: Dialogue With the Future Generation Organized by the Center for Climate/Environmental Change Prediction Research at Ewha Womans University
15:30–15:35 Moderator Yong-Sang Choi, Director of the Center for Climate/Environmental Change Prediction Research, Ewha Womans University
15:35–16:25 Panelists Jeonghoon Shin,Director General and Head of Future Grid Research Center, Korea Electric Power Corporation Research Institute Baehyun Min, Associate Professor of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering, Ewha Womans University Dong Joo Kang, Director of the Research Institute at HAEZOOM, Inc. SungUn Chang, CEO of YOLK Solar Energy Nuri Bae, PhD Student, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University
16:25–16:45 Q&A
16:45–17:00 Coffee and Tea Break
Plenary 10: Equality and Energy Security: Dialogue With the Future Generation Organized by the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center of Stanford University
17:00–17:05 Moderator Cheryll Alipio, Associate Director for Program and Policy at the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center, Stanford University
17:05–17:45 Panelists Sanghun Lee, Assistant Professor of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering at Ewha Womans University Nomin Badam, Former Renewable Energy Coordinator at the Ministry of Energy of Mongolia and Project Analyst, Newcom Group Ekaterina Azarova, PhD Candidate in International Business, Graduate School of International Studies, Ewha Womans University Niña Alexandria R. Agustin, Campaign and Advocacy Officer at the Institute for Climate and Sustainable Cities, Philippines
17:45–18:15 Q&A
Closing Session
18:15–18:30 Closing Remarks Kim Bong-hyun, Former Ambassador of the Republic of Korea to Australia, former President of Jeju Peace Institute, and Advisor to Mr. Ban Ki-moon, the 8th Secretary-General of the United Nations at the Ban Ki-moon Foundation For a Better Future Kiyoteru Tsutsui, Deputy Director of the Walter H. Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center and Director of the Japan Program, Faculty Co-Director of the Center for Human Rights and International Justice, Professor of Sociology, and Senior Fellow at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University Yong-Sang Choi, Director of the Center for Climate/Environmental Change Prediction Research and Professor of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering, Ewha Womans University
Day 1: September 13, 8:30 a.m. - 6:15 p.m. KST | The Grand Ballroom, The Plaza Hotel, Seoul Day 2: September 14, 8:30 a.m. - 6:30 p.m. KST | ECC Lee Sam Bong-Hall, Ewha Womans University
Despite five decades of administrative practice and judicial development, there is a considerable gap in legal and empirical study on the impacts of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1970 (NEPA). Proponents of NEPA reform often claim that environmental litigation is a major obstacle for important federal actions. Others have studied the same issue and concluded that NEPA litigation is not a major contributor of project cost escalation or delays. This study addresses this gap by supplementing a data set of the largest 355 transportation and energy infrastructure projects in the United States which completed a federal environmental study between 2010 and 2018.
We observe predevelopment litigation on 28% of the energy and transport projects requiring an Environmental Impact Statement, 89% of which involve a claim of a NEPA violation. Of the major sectors, the highest litigation rate is in solar energy projects, nearly two-thirds of which are litigated. Light Rail Transit projects are litigated at nearly twice the rate of new highway projects and 2.5x the rate of highway improvement projects. Other high-litigation sectors include pipelines (50%), transmission lines (31%), and wind energy projects (38%). Energy sectors with higher rates of private financing have shorter permit durations, higher rates of litigation, and higher rates of cancellation but also higher completion rates relative to transport sectors, which have higher rates of public financing and lower rates of litigation, but extremely long permit timelines. Our findings shed additional light on the ways that NEPA impacts large, environmentally impactful infrastructure projects in various sectors in the United States.
A Nigerian-American born in Lagos and raised in Sacramento, Ibilola comes to Stanford after four years at Chemonics International, USAID’s largest implementing partner. As a Senior Project Manager, she supported donor-funded programs focused on improving Haiti’s judicial sector, countering violent extremism in Mauritania, and facilitating agriculture, mining, and off-grid energy investments in the DRC. Prior to this, she served as a Princeton-in-Africa Fellow in Benin at the African School of Economics. Ibilola received her B.S. in Culture and Politics from Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service, where her thesis examined gendered economic and social implications of historical changes within Nigeria's textile industry. As a Pickering Fellow, Ibilola is specializing in Energy, Natural Resources, and the Environment at Stanford before launching her career as a US Foreign Service Officer, as she hopes to work on improving energy access and affordability in Africa. A proud Californian, Ibilola enjoys reading, designing and styling clothes, and live music.
Felipe is a Master’s in International Policy student focusing on energy policy, technology, and finance. He particularly focuses on the transition toward a clean energy economy in fossil fuel-dependent U.S. states and foreign countries, such as his home communities of New Mexico and Colombia. Prior to joining Stanford, Felipe spent five years in Washington D.C. working on policy in the U.S. Congress, where he primarily focused on immigration, homeland security, trade, and agriculture. During this time, Felipe managed his boss’ work in several Senate Appropriations Subcommittees and in the House Homeland Security Committee. Felipe also drafted several pieces of legislation that ultimately were enacted into law. Outside of work, Felipe was an active member of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute and the Congressional Hispanic Staff Association.
Felipe holds a B.A. in International Relations and Politics from Pomona College, where he was also a four-year member of the men’s soccer team. During his time at Pomona, Felipe studied European politics and economics for a semester in Florence, Italy, and conducted field work in Budapest, Hungary for his senior thesis on right-wing populists’ exploitation of migration crises. In his spare time, Felipe enjoys watching the best soccer game of the day or doing an outdoor activity, such as tennis, biking, hiking, or kayaking.
Johanna joins the Ford Dorsey Master’s in International Policy from McKinsey’s Sustainability Practice. During her 3.5 years at the management consultancy, she advised private sector clients from various industries on sustainability strategies and developed reports on climate risk with the McKinsey Global Institute. During her parental leave from McKinsey, she received a Master of Philosophy in Environmental Policy from the University of Cambridge (UK). She also holds a bachelor’s degree in Politics and Economics from the University of Münster. At Stanford, Johanna hopes to deepen her knowledge in integrating environmental policies into the dynamics of international policymaking. Her academic interests also include nature- and climate-related risk assessment and adaptation, and particularly the role of nature-based solutions. Johanna is an outdoor enthusiast, a passionate dressage rider who participated in competitions on the highest national level in Germany, and she enjoys running and gardening in her spare time.
Maya comes to Stanford from the Aspen Institute, where she was a Brent Scowcroft Award Fellow working on their national security forums and dialogues. In 2021 she earned her bachelor’s from UC Berkeley, where she was an FGLI student, Leadership Award recipient, and Gilman scholar. While there, she was a Research Apprentice at the Latinx Research Center. As a participant in the State Department’s U.S. Foreign Service Internship Program, she worked for both the Office of Security and Human Rights and U.S. Embassy Lima. She has also interned for the U.N. High Commission on Refugees, the Council on Foreign Relations, and Vice President Kamala Harris's then-Senate office. As a 2022 Pickering Foreign Affairs Fellow with the U.S. Department of State, Maya plans to specialize in International Security before beginning her career as an American diplomat. In the MIP program, she hopes to examine the intersection of human rights and climate security, particularly as it relates to humanitarian and refugee crises. Finally, Maya enjoys traveling, stress-baking, costume parties, reading, and finding the best boba in the Bay Area.
Infrastructure development requires democracies to balance multiple, competing governance priorities. The representativeness of the decision-making process must be balanced against the benefits of impartial technical assessments by the civil service, and both must be balanced against the efficiency of infrastructure development and government actions. Using the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) as a case study, we will argue that California has become a “vetocracy” in which decisions in favor of collective action have become extremely difficult to arrive at. This presentation is based in part on CDDRL’s recent research on California governance, in collaboration with the California 100 Initiative.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
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Francis Fukuyama has written widely on issues in development and international politics. His 1992 book, The End of History and the Last Man, has appeared in over twenty foreign editions. His most recent book, Identity: The Demand for Dignity and the Politics of Resentment, was published in September 2018. His latest book, Liberalism and Its Discontents, was published in the spring of 2022.
Dr. Fukuyama received his B.A. from Cornell University in classics, and his Ph.D. from Harvard in Political Science. He was a member of the Political Science Department of the RAND Corporation, and of the Policy Planning Staff of the US Department of State. From 1996-2000 he was Omer L. and Nancy Hirst Professor of Public Policy at the School of Public Policy at George Mason University, and from 2001-2010 he was Bernard L. Schwartz Professor of International Political Economy at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University. He served as a member of the President’s Council on Bioethics from 2001-2004.
Dr. Fukuyama holds honorary doctorates from Connecticut College, Doane College, Doshisha University (Japan), Kansai University (Japan), Aarhus University (Denmark), and the Pardee Rand Graduate School. He is a non-resident fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and at the Center for Global Development. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Rand Corporation, the Board of Governors of the Pardee Rand Graduate School, and the Volcker Alliance. He is a member of the American Political Science Association and the Council on Foreign Relations. He is married to Laura Holmgren and has three children.
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Michael Bennon is a Research Scholar at CDDRL for the Global Infrastructure Policy Research Initiative. Michael's research interests include infrastructure policy, project finance, public-private partnerships and institutional design in the infrastructure sector. Michael also teaches Global Project Finance to graduate students at Stanford. Prior to Stanford, Michael served as a Captain in the US Army and US Army Corps of Engineers for five years, leading Engineer units, managing projects, and planning for infrastructure development in the United States, Iraq, Afghanistan and Thailand.
Virtual to Public. Only those with an active Stanford ID with access to E008 in Encina Hall may attend in person.
Francis Fukuyama is Olivier Nomellini Senior Fellow at Stanford University's Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies (FSI), and a faculty member of FSI's Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law (CDDRL). He is also Director of Stanford's Ford Dorsey Master’s in International Policy Program, and a professor (by courtesy) of Political Science.
Dr. Fukuyama has written widely on issues in development and international politics. His 1992 book, The End of History and the Last Man, has appeared in over twenty foreign editions. His most recent book, Liberalism and Its Discontents, was published in the spring of 2022.
Francis Fukuyama received his B.A. from Cornell University in classics, and his Ph.D. from Harvard in Political Science. He was a member of the Political Science Department of the RAND Corporation and of the Policy Planning Staff of the US Department of State. From 1996-2000 he was Omer L. and Nancy Hirst Professor of Public Policy at the School of Public Policy at George Mason University, and from 2001-2010 he was Bernard L. Schwartz Professor of International Political Economy at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University. He served as a member of the President’s Council on Bioethics from 2001-2004.
Dr. Fukuyama holds honorary doctorates from Connecticut College, Doane College, Doshisha University (Japan), Kansai University (Japan), Aarhus University (Denmark), and the Pardee Rand Graduate School. He is a non-resident fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Rand Corporation, the Board of Trustees of Freedom House, and the Board of the Volcker Alliance. He is a fellow of the National Academy for Public Administration, a member of the American Political Science Association, and of the Council on Foreign Relations. He is married to Laura Holmgren and has three children.
(October 2024)
Global Populisms
A new project examining the global surge in populist movements and what it means for established democratic rules and institutions.
Michael Bennon is a Research Scholar at CDDRL for the Global Infrastructure Policy Research Initiative. Michael's research interests include infrastructure policy, project finance, public-private partnerships and institutional design in the infrastructure sector. Michael also teaches Global Project Finance to graduate students at Stanford. Prior to Stanford, Michael served as a Captain in the US Army and US Army Corps of Engineers for five years, leading Engineer units, managing projects, and planning for infrastructure development in the United States, Iraq, Afghanistan and Thailand.
Program Manager, Global Infrastructure Policy Research Initiative
FSI researchers examine the role of energy sources from regulatory, economic and societal angles. The Program on Energy and Sustainable Development (PESD) investigates how the production and consumption of energy affect human welfare and environmental quality. Professors assess 
